Epidemiological characteristics of 17 Coronavirus disease 2019 in Puyang, Henan

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) in Puyang, Henan Province, so as to provide basis for diseases control and preventive. Methods The epidemiological data of 17 cases of COVID-19 in Puyang were collected, and the time, regional and population distribution characteristics of COVID-19 were described and analyzed by drawing disease sequence diagram and case relationship diagram. Results Among the 17 cases, 7 were male (41.2%);the median age was 36 years old with age ranged from 12 to 66 years. A total of 4 clustered outbreaks occurred, involving 12 cases (70.6%), all of which were family recurrent cases. The median incubation period was 6.5 days, the shortest 3 days and the longest 13 days. The onset time of a second-generation case was 11 days earlier than that of the indicator case. The median time between onset and treatment was 4 days, the shortest was 0 days and the longest was 12 days. Of the 17 cases, 6 had a sojourning history in Hubei Province within 14 days, and 1 had a history of overseas tourism. The other cases were all local infections, 8 of them were close contacts of the confirmed cases, and 2 of them were from unknown sources. Among the close contacts, the cases involved in the family clustering epidemic were transmitted through close contact and respiratory tract. After detailed investigation and inquiry, it was inferred that the transmission route was the staircase droplet transmission. Conclusion In Puyang City, most of the cases were from Hubei Province, and was dominated by family clustering epidemic. There was a possibility of infection in the incubation period. © 2021, Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.

[Epidemic characteristics and trend analysis of the COVID-19 in Hubei province].

Objective: By describing and analyzing the epidemic characteristics and trends of the attack rate, the crude mortality and relevant indexes in Hubei province during the pandemic of COVID-19 to provide comprehensive evaluations of the epidemic trends and the effects of intervention measures. Methods: Based on the case data reported in Hubei province during the COVID-19 epidemic, combined with the important time of major interventions and event, the cumulative attack rate, the sequential increase rate of new cases, baseline increase rate of new cases, the observation- confirmed case conversion rate, the cumulative crude mortality, the daily severe case rate, and the ratio of death to severe were used to describe and analyze the epidemic characteristics in different phases of the COVID-19 epidemic. Results: The epidemic experienced an outbreak phase from January 10 to February 3 with large amount of case reported, a peak phase from February 4 to February 19 with continuous increasing number of new cases and deaths, a platform phase from February 20 to March 3 with balanced diagnosis and treatment number, and a descending phase from March 4 to March 18 with decreased diagnosis and increased treatment number. Up to March 18, the cumulative attack rate of the COVID-19 epidemic in Hubei province increased from 0.03/10 000 on January 19 to 11.46/10 000, from 0.04/10 000 on January 10 to 45.13/10 000 in Wuhan city, and from 0.002/ 10 000 on January 20 to 3.70/ 10 000 in other areas of Hubei province other than Wuhan city. The increase rate of new cases fluctuated during the epidemic period and reached the highest at February 12 in Hubei province. The cumulative crude mortality in Hubei Province increased rapidly from 1.01% on January 19 to 5.13% on January 26, then decreased to 2.54% on February 13, and then slowly increased to 4.62% on March 18, and similar trend was also observed in Wuhan city. The daily severe rate in Hubei Province increased from 26.88% on January 27 to 34.27% on March 18. The ratio of death to severe decreased from 7.37% on January 23 to 0.35% on March 18. Conclusions: The epidemic cycle of COVID-19 in Hubei province proposed to be 60 days, which was about 1.76 times of the combination of the longest incubation period or isolation period (14 d) and the average hospitalization time of confirmed patients in Hubei province (20 d). It suggested that the major anti-epidemic decisions made in China were effective.